How Many Bones Do a Newborn Baby Have

Recall back to last Halloween for a minute. Wherever you looked, there were vampires, ghosts, or bony skeletons grinning back at yous. Vampires and ghosts don't actually exist, but skeletons certain do!

Every single person has a skeleton made up of many bones. These bones give your trunk structure, permit you move in many means, protect your internal organs, and more.

It's time to look at all your bones — the adult human body has 206 of them!

What Are Bones Made Of?

If y'all've ever seen a existent skeleton or fossil in a museum, you might remember that all bones are dead. Although basic in museums are dry out, difficult, or crumbly, the basic in your trunk are unlike. The bones that make upwards your skeleton are all very much alive, growing and changing all the time like other parts of your torso.

Nigh every bone in your body is made of the same materials:

• The outer surface of os is called the periosteum (say: skin-ee-OSS-tee-um). It's a thin, dumbo membrane that contains nerves and blood vessels that nourish the bone.
• The side by side layer is made up of compact bone. This part is shine and very hard. It'southward the part you run into when you look at a skeleton.
• Within the compact bone are many layers of cancellous (say: KAN-sell-us) bone, which looks a chip like a sponge. Cancellous bone is not quite as hard as compact bone, only it is notwithstanding very potent.
• In many basic, the cancellous bone protects the innermost part of the bone, the bone marrow (say: MAIR-oh). Bone marrow is sort of like a thick jelly, and its job is to make blood cells.

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How Bones Grow

When you were a baby, you lot had tiny hands, tiny feet, and tiny everything! Slowly, as you grew older, everything became a fleck bigger, including your bones.

A babe's body has about 300 bones at birth. These somewhen fuse (grow together) to form the 206 basic that adults have. Some of a baby's basic are made entirely of a special textile called cartilage (say: KAR-tel-ij). Other bones in a baby are partly made of cartilage. This cartilage is soft and flexible. During babyhood, as you are growing, the cartilage grows and is slowly replaced past bone, with help from calcium.

By the fourth dimension you lot are most 25, this process will be consummate. Later on this happens, there can be no more growth — the bones are as big as they volition e'er be. All of these bones brand upwardly a skeleton that is both very stiff and very calorie-free.

Your Spine

Your spine is one part of the skeleton that's easy to check out: Achieve effectually to the heart of your dorsum and y'all'll feel its bumps under your fingers.

The spine lets yous twist and bend, and it holds your body upright. It likewise protects the spinal cord, a large packet of nerves that sends information from your brain to the residue of your body. The spine is special considering it isn't made of one or fifty-fifty two bones: It'south fabricated of 33 bones in all! These bones are called vertebrae (say: VER-tuh-bray) and each i is shaped like a ring.

There are different types of vertebrae in the spine and each does a different kind of job:

• The starting time seven vertebrae at the top are chosen the cervical (say: SIR-vih-kul) vertebrae. These bones are in the back of your cervix, just below your encephalon, and they support your head and cervix. Your head is pretty heavy, so information technology'south lucky to accept assistance from the cervical vertebrae!
• Below the cervical vertebrae are the thoracic (say: thuh-RAS-ik) vertebrae, and there are 12 in all. These guys anchor your ribs in place. Below the thoracic vertebrae are v lumbar (say: LUM-bar) vertebrae. Beneath the lumbar vertebrae is the sacrum (say: SAY-krum), which is made up of five vertebrae that are fused together to form one single bone.
• Finally, all the style at the bottom of the spine is the coccyx (say: COK-siks), which is one bone made of iv fused vertebrae. The bottom sections of the spine are of import when it comes to begetting weight and giving yous a good centre of gravity. So when you choice up a heavy backpack, the lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx give you lot the power. When yous dance, skip, and even walk, these parts help proceed you balanced.

In between each vertebra (the name for merely one of the vertebrae) are small disks made of cartilage. These disks keep the vertebrae from rubbing against one some other, and they also deed equally your spine's natural shock absorbers. When you jump in the air, or twist while slamming a douse, the disks give your vertebrae the cushioning they need.

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Your Ribs

Your heart, lungs, and liver are all very important, and luckily you've got ribs to keep them safe. Ribs act like a cage of bones around your chest. It'south easy to experience the bottom of this cage past running your fingers forth the sides and forepart of your torso, a few inches below your heart. If you breathe in deeply, you lot can easily feel your ribs right in the forepart of your body, as well. Some thin kids tin fifty-fifty see a few of their ribs correct through their skin.

Your ribs come in pairs, and the left and correct sides of each pair are exactly the same. Nigh people have 12 pairs of ribs, just some people are born with i or more actress ribs, and some people might have i pair less.

All 12 pairs of ribs attach in the back to the spine, where they are held in identify by the thoracic vertebrae. The outset seven pairs of ribs attach in the front to the sternum (say: STUR-num), a strong bone in the center of your chest that holds those ribs in place. The remaining sets of ribs don't attach to the sternum directly. The next three pairs are held on with cartilage to the ribs above them.

The very last two sets of ribs are called floating ribs because they aren't connected to the sternum or the ribs above them. But don't worry, these ribs can't ever float abroad. Like the rest of the ribs, they are deeply attached to the spine in the dorsum.

Your Skull

Your skull protects the most important part of all, the brain. You tin experience your skull by pushing on your head, especially in the back a few inches above your neck. The skull is actually made upwardly of different basic. Some of these basic protect your brain, whereas others brand upwards the structure of your face. If you lot affect below your eyes, you can feel the ridge of the os that forms the pigsty where your eye sits.

And although you lot can't see it, the smallest bone in your whole body is in your head, besides. The stirrup os behind your eardrum is just .1 to .13 inches (2.5 to 3.3 millimeters) long! Want to know something else? Your lower jawbone is the only bone in your caput you tin move. It opens and closes to let y'all talk and chew food.

Your skull is pretty cool, simply it's changed since you were a babe. All babies are born with spaces betwixt the bones in their skulls. This allows the bones to move, close up, and fifty-fifty overlap equally the baby goes through the nascency culvert. As the infant grows, the space between the bones slowly closes up and disappears, and special joints called sutures (say: SOO-churs) connect the bones.

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Your Hands

 As you lot sit and type at the keyboard, while you swing on a swing, fifty-fifty when y'all pick up your lunch, you're using the bones in your fingers, mitt, wrist, and arm.

Each arm is attached to a shoulder blade or scapula (say: SKA-pyuh-luh), a large triangular bone on the upper dorsum corner of each side of the ribcage. The arm is made up of three basic: the humerus (say: HYOO-muh-rus), which is above your elbow, and the radius (say: RAY-dee-us) and ulna (say: UL-nuh), which are below the elbow.

Each of these bones is wider at the ends and skinnier in the middle, to help give information technology strength where it meets another bone. At the terminate of the radius and ulna are eight smaller bones that brand up your wrist. Although these basic are small, they tin can actually move! Twist your wrist effectually or wave and yous'll run into how the wrist can motility.

The center office of your hand is made upwards of five separate bones. Each finger on your hand has three bones, except for your thumb, which has ii. So between your wrists, easily, and all your fingers, you lot've got a 1000 full of 54 bones — all gear up to assistance you grasp things, write your name, pick up the telephone, or throw a softball!

Your Legs

Certain, your arm, wrist, hand, and finger bones are great for picking up the phone, but how are you supposed to run to answer it? Well, with the basic of the legs and feet!

Your legs are attached to a circular group of bones chosen your pelvis. The pelvis is a bowl-shaped structure that supports the spine. It is fabricated up of the 2 big hip bones in front, and behind are the sacrum and the coccyx. The pelvis acts as a tough band of protection around parts of the digestive arrangement, parts of the urinary organisation, and parts of the reproductive system.

Your leg bones are very large and strong to help support the weight of your body. The bone that goes from your pelvis to your knee is called the femur (say: FEE-mur), and information technology's the longest bone in your body. At the knee, in that location'south a triangular-shaped bone called the patella (say: puh-TEL-luh), or kneecap, that protects the knee joint. Below the knee are two other leg basic: the tibia (say: TIH-bee-uh) and the fibula (say: FIH-byuh-luh). Simply like the three bones in the arm, the iii bones in the leg are wider at the ends than in the middle to give them strength.

The talocrural joint is a bit different from the wrist; it is where the lower leg bones connect to a large bone in the foot chosen the talus (say: TAL-iss). Next to the talus are half dozen other basic. Merely the principal function of the foot is similar to the hand, with five bones. Each toe has three tiny basic, except for your big toe, which has merely two. This brings the bone total in both feet and ankles to 52!

Nearly people don't employ their toes and feet for grabbing stuff or writing, but they do use them for two very important things: standing and walking. Without all the bones of the pes working together, it would be impossible to balance properly. The bones in the anxiety are bundled so the pes is near flat and a bit wide, to help you stay upright. So the next fourth dimension you're walking, be sure to await down and thank those toes!

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Your Joints

The identify where two basic meet is called a joint. Some joints move and others don't.

Fixed joints are fixed in place and don't motility at all. Your skull has some of these joints (called sutures, think?), which close upwards the bones of the skull in a young person'south head. Ane of these joints is chosen the parieto-temporal (say: par-EYE-ih-toh TEM-puh-rul) suture — it's the 1 that runs along the side of the skull.

Moving joints are the ones that let you lot ride your bike, consume cereal, and play a video game — the ones that let y'all to twist, curve, and movement dissimilar parts of your body. Some moving joints, like the ones in your spine, move but a little. Other joints motility a lot. I of the main types of moving joints is called a swivel articulation. Your elbows and knees each take hinge joints, which let you bend and then straighten your artillery and legs. These joints are like the hinges on a door. Just as most doors can just open up i mode, yous can only bend your artillery and legs in one direction. You besides accept many smaller hinge joints in your fingers and toes.

Some other of import type of moving articulation is the ball and socket joint. You can find these joints at your shoulders and hips. They are made up of the round stop of i bone plumbing fixtures into a small cup-like surface area of another bone. Brawl and socket joints allow for lots of movement in every direction. Brand sure you've got lots of room, and effort swinging your arms all over the place.

Have you lot ever seen someone put oil on a hinge to make it work easier or stop squeaking? Well, your joints come with their own special fluid called synovial fluid (say: SIH-no-vee-ul) that helps them move freely. Bones are held together at the joints past ligaments (say: LIH-guh-mints), which are like very strong rubber bands.

Taking Care of Basic

Your bones help you out every day then make sure you take care of them. Here are some tips:

Protect those skull bones (and your brain inside!) by wearing a helmet for bike riding and other sports. When you use a skateboard, in-line skates, or a scooter, be sure to add wrist supports and elbow and articulatio genus pads. Your bones in these places will thank you if yous take a fall!

If you play sports similar football game, soccer, lacrosse, or ice hockey, always article of clothing all the correct equipment. And never play on a trampoline. Many kids end up with broken bones from jumping on them. Broken bones tin eventually heal, simply information technology takes a long fourth dimension and isn't much fun while you wait.

Strengthen your skeleton past drinking milk and eating other dairy products (like low-fat cheese or frozen yogurt). They all contain calcium, which helps bones harden and become potent.

Exist active! Some other way to strengthen your bones is through exercise similar running, jumping, dancing, and playing sports.

Take these steps to be expert to your bones, and they will treat you right!

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Source: https://kidshealth.org/en/kids/bones.html#:~:text=Slowly%2C%20as%20you%20grew%20older,KAR%2Dtel%2Dij).

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